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Survivor Issues: Asplenia
A good reference in on the survivorshipguidelines.org web site: the pdf can be downloaded directly from this link "Splenic Precautions".
Briefly and most important: If you do not have a spleen, you are at risk for bacterial infections. Fevers are a first alert for bacterial infections, so if you have a fever of 101 deg. F, you must immediately seek medical attention and receive a strong antibiotic. Other signs of bacterial infection are sore throat, unusual tiredness, muscle aches, chills, coughing, burning with urination, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain. Infection can be rapid, leading to death within hours.
It is a good idea to carry a laminated wallet card that states that you are asplenic. An even better idea is to obtain a Medic Alert bracelet or necklace. A link to their web site is below: